{"id":25421,"date":"2018-07-13T22:55:26","date_gmt":"2018-07-13T22:55:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kurzweilai.net\/?p=318371"},"modified":"2018-07-13T23:44:18","modified_gmt":"2018-07-13T23:44:18","slug":"nanomaterials-that-mimic-nerve-impulses-spikes-discovered","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/2018\/07\/13\/nanomaterials-that-mimic-nerve-impulses-spikes-discovered\/","title":{"rendered":"Nanomaterials that mimic nerve impulses (spikes) discovered"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_318374\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 621px;  border: 1px solid #dddddd; background-color: #f3f3f3; padding-top: 4px; margin: 10px; text-align:center; display: block; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kurzweilai.net\/nanomaterials-that-mimic-nerve-impulses-spikes-discovered\/nanomaterials-simulate-nerve-impulses\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-318374\"><img class=\" wp-image-318374\" title=\"nanomaterials simulate nerve impulses\" src=\"http:\/\/www.kurzweilai.net\/images\/nanomaterials-simulate-nerve-impulses.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"611\" height=\"360\" \/><\/a><p style=' padding: 0 4px 5px; margin: 0;'  class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nanomaterials that mimic nerve impulses (credit: Osaka University)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>A combination of nanomaterials that can mimic nerve impulses (\u201cspikes\u201d) in the brain have been discovered by researchers at Kyushu Institute of Technology and Osaka University in Japan.<\/p>\n<p>Current \u201cneuromorphic\u201d (brain-like) chips (such as IBM\u2019s neurosynaptic <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TrueNorth\">TrueNorth<\/a>) and circuits (such as those based on the NVIDIA GPGPU, or general purpose graphical processing unit) are devices based on complex circuits that emulate only one part of the brain&#8217;s mechanisms: the learning ability of synapses (which connect neurons together).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_318376\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 621px;  border: 1px solid #dddddd; background-color: #f3f3f3; padding-top: 4px; margin: 10px; text-align:center; display: block; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kurzweilai.net\/nanomaterials-that-mimic-nerve-impulses-spikes-discovered\/schematic-and-photo-of-nanomaterials-that-simulate-nerve-impulses\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-318376\"><img class=\" wp-image-318376\" title=\"schematic and photo of nanomaterials that simulate nerve impulses\" src=\"http:\/\/www.kurzweilai.net\/images\/schematic-and-photo-of-nanomaterials-that-simulate-nerve-impulses.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"611\" height=\"178\" \/><\/a><p style=' padding: 0 4px 5px; margin: 0;'  class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Schematic of the SWNT\/POM complex network, showing single-wall nanotubes and polyoxometalate (POM) molecules, with gold contacts. (Right) Conductive atomic force microscope image of a molecular neuromorphic network device. (Inset) Molecular structure of polyoxometalate (POM) molecules. (credit: Hirofumi Tanaka et al.\/Nature Communications)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The researchers have now developed a way to simulate a large-scale spiking neural network. They created a complex SWNT\/POM molecular neuromorphic device consisting of a dense and complex network of spiking molecules. The new nanomaterial comprises polyoxometalate (POM) molecules that are absorbed by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs).<\/p>\n<p>Unlike ordinary organic molecules, POM consists of metal atoms and oxygen atoms that form a three-dimensional framework that can store charges in a single molecule. The new nanomaterial emits spikes and can transmit them via synapses to and from other neurons.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers also demonstrated that this molecular model could be used as a component of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reservoir_computing\">reservoir computing<\/a> devices, which are anticipated as next-generation neural network devices.<\/p>\n<p><em>Ref: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-018-04886-2\">Nature Communications<\/a><em> (open access). Source: <\/em><em><a href=\"http:\/\/resou.osaka-u.ac.jp\/en\/research\/2018\/20180713_1\">Osaka University<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A combination of nanomaterials that can mimic nerve impulses (&ldquo;spikes&rdquo;) in the brain have been discovered by researchers at Kyushu Institute of Technology and Osaka University in Japan. Current &ldquo;neuromorphic&rdquo; (brain-like) chips (such as IBM&rsquo;s neurosynaptic TrueNorth) and circuits (such as those based on the NVIDIA GPGPU, or general purpose graphical processing unit) are devices [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":454,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,2406,55,43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cognitive-scienceneuroscience","category-electronicscomputer","category-nanotechmaterials-science","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25421"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/454"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25422,"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25421\/revisions\/25422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoo.central12.com\/fugic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}